制作获取安卓通讯录的应用程序需要使用Android中的Content Provider机制。Content Provider允许应用程序之间共享数据,并提供数据查询、插入、更新和删除等操作。
以下是实现步骤:
1. 在AndroidManifest.xml文件中声明读取通讯录的权限
```xml
```
2. 创建一个类ContactsHelper,用来获取通讯录数据。这个类主要的作用是查询和获取通讯录的联系人信息。
```java
public class ContactsHelper {
public static List
List
Cursor cursor = null;
try {
// 查询通讯录的数据
cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(
ContactsContract.Contacts.CONTENT_URI,
null,
null,
null,
ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME + " ASC"
);
// 处理查询结果
if (cursor != null && cursor.getCount() > 0) {
while (cursor.moveToNext()) {
String id = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));
String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME));
// 获取通讯录联系人的电话号码
String phoneNumber = "";
Cursor phoneCursor = context.getContentResolver().query(
ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,
null,
ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID + " = " + id,
null,
null
);
if (phoneCursor != null) {
if (phoneCursor.moveToFirst()) {
phoneNumber = phoneCursor.getString(
phoneCursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.NUMBER));
}
phoneCursor.close();
}
Contact contact = new Contact(id, name, phoneNumber);
contacts.add(contact);
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} finally {
if (cursor != null) {
cursor.close();
}
}
return contacts;
}
}
```
3. 创建一个联系人实体类Contact,用来封装通讯录中每个联系人的基本信息,如id、姓名和电话号码。
```java
public class Contact {
private String id;
private String name;
private String phoneNumber;
public Contact(String id, String name, String phoneNumber) {
this.id = id;
this.name = name;
this.phoneNumber = phoneNumber;
}
// 省略getters和setters方法
}
```
4. 在MainActivity中调用ContactsHelper类来获取通讯录数据,并将数据传递给RecyclerView使用。
```java
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
private RecyclerView mRecyclerView;
private ContactsAdapter mAdapter;
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
mRecyclerView = findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);
mRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(new LinearLayoutManager(this));
mAdapter = new ContactsAdapter();
mRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
List
mAdapter.setData(contacts);
}
}
```
5. 创建一个RecyclerView的适配器ContactsAdapter,将通讯录数据显示在RecyclerView中。
```java
public class ContactsAdapter extends RecyclerView.Adapter
private List
public void setData(List
mData.clear();
if (data != null && data.size() > 0) {
mData.addAll(data);
}
notifyDataSetChanged();
}
@NonNull
@Override
public ViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(@NonNull ViewGroup viewGroup, int i) {
View view = LayoutInflater.from(viewGroup.getContext()).inflate(
R.layout.item_contact, viewGroup, false);
return new ViewHolder(view);
}
@Override
public void onBindViewHolder(@NonNull ViewHolder viewHolder, int i) {
Contact contact = mData.get(i);
viewHolder.mNameTextView.setText(contact.getName());
viewHolder.mPhoneNumberTextView.setText(contact.getPhoneNumber());
}
@Override
public int getItemCount() {
return mData.size();
}
static class ViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder {
private TextView mNameTextView;
private TextView mPhoneNumberTextView;
ViewHolder(@NonNull View itemView) {
super(itemView);
mNameTextView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_name);
mPhoneNumberTextView = itemView.findViewById(R.id.tv_phone_number);
}
}
}
```
6. 创建一个item_contact.xml布局文件,用来显示通讯录联系人的基本信息。
```xml
xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:orientation="vertical" android:padding="16dp"> android:id="@+id/tv_name" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceLarge"/> android:id="@+id/tv_phone_number" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textAppearance="?attr/textAppearanceMedium"/>
```
以上就是获取安卓通讯录的应用程序的制作过程,通过使用Content Provider机制和RecyclerView来实现。